On the whole, these data indicate that language is not a necessary condition for the expression of hemispheric specialization in animals, at least as it pertains to perceptual, cognitive, or emotional processing. In nonhuman primates, there is also good evidence of right hemisphere specialization in individual recognition and discrimination of species-specific facial expressions ( Hamilton & Vermeire, 1988 Vermeire & Hamilton, 1998). For example, in nonhuman primates, studies suggest a left hemisphere specialization in the processing of auditory stimuli including pure tones and species-specific vocalizations ( Dewson, 1977 Hauser & Andersson, 1994 Heffner & Heffner, 1984 Petersen, Beecher, Zoloth, Moody, & Stebbins, 1978 Pohl, 1983, 1984). Recent studies in a host of vertebrates suggest that there is evidence of left and right hemispheric specialization for some perceptual, emotional, and cognitive functions ( Bisazza, Rogers, & Vallortigara, 1998 Hopkins & Fernandez-Carriba, 2002 Rogers & Andrews, 2002 Vallortigara, Rogers, & Bisazza, 1999). Therefore, whether nonhuman animals exhibit hemispheric specialization for any abilities has been a topic of considerable historical and contemporary interest in psychology, neuroscience, and a host of other scientific disciplines ( Harris, 1993). Hemispheric specialization in humans has been linked to the evolution of a variety of complex skills including tool use, handedness, gestural communication, and language ( Boesch & Boesch, 1993 Bradshaw & Rogers, 1993 Hewes, 1973 Marzke, 1997). Although clearly an oversimplification, in humans, the left hemisphere has been reported to be dominant for speech and language processing as well as for motor skills, whereas the right hemisphere is specialized for processing visual–spatial problems as well as affective valence and emotions ( Hellige, 1993).
S.Hemispheric specialization refers to the extent to which either the left or right hemisphere is dominant for specific motor, cognitive, perceptual, or emotional processing ( Springer & Deutsch, 1998). That’s all for today, hope somebody finds this interesting, C. Our, among simians, unique foot with five toes in a row is not so much for walking as for fast and/or long-distance running. Gorilla’s walk on their knuckles, Orang-Utans on their fists, they are very heavy.Ĭhimpanzees walk on their knuckles, they can’t stretch their knees.īonobo’s walk about evenly on two and on four ‘legs’.īut all apes, all monkeys, can and do walk on two legs.
Gibbons (the ‘lesser apes’, but still apes) walk on two legs, they have proportionally the longest arms. Humans walk on two legs, our arms are short. Now they/we can’t walk on the palm of the hand anymore, but no problem, hanging from a tree branch the head and legs are already in the right position to walk upright. Their/our wrists stiffened thanks to a mutation that stayed because it’s handy for catching branches while flying.
#Back of chimpanzee hand full#
We don’t really know why, but she tends to stand and walk bipedally more often than not when she’s in the grass on Young’s Hill, even when her hands aren’t full and she’s not trying to spy on something at a distance.Īpes are one of the few simian species that swing under branches instead of walking over them. While chimpanzees are mainly quadrupedal when walking and standing (of course they can also swing through the trees), there are times when they stand up on their feet and sometimes walk bipedally like us humans.Īt the sanctuary, a frequent reason to stand up is to spy on the neighbors or spot something at a distance:Īnother pretty practical reason to walk bipedally is when your hands or arms are really full:īeing short myself, maybe I’m projecting this on to Missy, but I think I stand up straighter and raise up on my tip toes a lot more than less vertically-challenged people, so I equate this to Missy standing up just to be taller once in a while:Īnnie, however, is somewhat of an exception.
#Back of chimpanzee hand free#
One cool thing about knuckle-walking is that it leaves your hands free to carry your dolls: Chimpanzees have long arms with long-fingered hands and they bend their fingers underneath, walking on the knuckles of their hands and the flat part of their feet. They not only share our handy (pun intended) opposable thumbs, but they have “thumbs” (technically referred to opposable toes) on their feet too.Īnimals with four legs generally have limbs that are pretty much equal in length and they walk on the same part of each of their feet. Like humans, they have two legs and two arms.
Chimpanzees are considered quadrupedal (walking on four limbs), but they don’t have four legs like many other mammal species.
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